Sales and Purchase Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sales and Purchase Management - Essay Example Selling skills should be required by a sales force manager. This can be implemented if this sales manager has the best view about the right tools and technical skills for the sales job. For instance, the presence of sale tools makes the business to look professional (Collier 239). Thus, sufficient skills in using these tools would make the sales force more professional. Furthermore, technical skills should be required by sales force manager because selling process for instance, involves relevant strategies in closing a sale (Foster and Thomson 99). Such of these strategies would include research, understanding the buyer’s behaviors, needs, and so on. It is important that the sales force manager and the entire sales team should require all the above skills because they primarily would affect the entire sales performance of the group. Selling definitely involves a process. In a personal selling for instance, there is a need to include several steps prior to closing a sale and fo llow up with the customer (Berkowitz 405). Selling process involves various steps and it starts with prospecting, preapproach, approach, presentation, closing, and servicing or follow up (Kurtz, MacKenzie and Snow 546). The sales force manager requires his or her team to master this sales process because this is an integral part of acquiring opportunity to serve customers and obtaining remarkable sales for the entire organization. Prospecting requires a very important skill in finding the lead, key or potential customers. The preapproach and approach stages should require the sales team to be more creative and ensure research in the preparation process prior to the actual sales call or presentation step. In the presentation, it requires that the sales team should have appropriate product knowledge and know-how on the business process, so as to make the entire sales call convincing. Closing should be the hardest part because prior to it, the sales person must be able to have the righ t skill in handling objections. Furthermore, in the actual closing step, the sales person should be able to have the right skill in discerning that there are no longer objections on the part of the customer. Finally, the servicing step or follow up should be ensured that the sales person has the appropriate skill in leaving the door open for customer’s future repeat order or purchase. Sales force manager at this stage should therefore ensure that relationship selling becomes a must, and it is a specific skill that is to be mastered during the actual selling process. As employees in sales progressed or advanced in their sales career, they should be required to be taken to the next level and an integral part of it is to improve not only their negotiating skills but above all their leadership skills (Boone and Kurtz 576). Selling process requires initiatives, endurance and above all also needs creativity (Boone and Kurtz 576). All of these should be possessed by a sales person. These are integral components of the leadership skills needed in sales. Creativity is something that must be developed over time because

Theology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Theology - Case Study Example In case someone wishes to push this disease issue aside as an ancillary point, Paul suggest that his disease was remarkable and obvious enough that the disease drew the attention of everyone Paul is speaking to in Galatians (Chap.4, v. 14). Again, Paul draws specific attention in Philemon to his eye disease (Phl., verse 19) and his need for assistance to write. What follows in Philemon vs. 19-25 is of supreme importance since Paul says he’s writing it in his own handwriting (leading readers to believe the writing before verse 19 was transcribed by an assistant [Timothy] ). Paul cunningly ‘sells’ his idea by inferring a business arrangement with Philemon (verse 19) then reminding Philemon of what Paul has done for him (end of verse 19). Paul smartly suggest that as soon as he (Paul) is released he is coming to stay with Philemon (vs. 21-22) probably to make sure that Philemon does what Paul is implicating in this letter. One can easily see the ‘old’ Pa ul with his dynamic stubbornness and overbearing personality (the Paul who stood by as Stephen was stoned in Acts chapter 8) combined with a loving spirit given to Paul through Paul’s conversion. It is interesting to witness Paul suggesting to Philemon that his ‘slave’ Onesimus is actually considered by Paul to be Paul’s own son. Paul also uses his own imprisonment to show the unfairness of Onesimus’s continued imprisonment as Philemon’s slave. In effect, Paul is telling Philemon that by treating Onesimus differently than a just a Christian ‘Brother’ (and Paul’s own son) is to be acting like the ‘Keeper’ of Paul’s prison keeping Paul unfairly under chains. The implication of Paul’s argument is that Christians are all prisoners under Christ if we are Christians and to continue enslavement of Christian Brothers is almost like trying to subvert Christ Jesus’ position as leader. Specifically, Paul is suggesting to Philemon that by

The Duties And Responsibilities Of Own Role Example

The Duties And Responsibilities Of Own Role Example 1.1 Describe the duties and responsibilities of own role My duties as a care worker involve giving clients personal care, such as assisting with washing, dressing, toileting requirements including catheter and convene care. Assisting with nutritional requirements such as meal planning/preparation/feeding, prompting/administering medication, shipping, cleaning. It is my responsibility to ensure that the client maintains an acceptable level of health and to promote the clients well-being. It is also my responsibility to ensure that all company policies and procedures are carried out and to maintain records for the service delivered, along with responsibility for ensuring that my training needs are kept up-to-date so that I am at the level of standards required to undertake my role. Finally, it is my duty and responsibility to treat clients with respect and dignity at all times. Question: Identify standards that influence the way the role is carried out The standards I have identified that influence the way I carry out my role as a carer working in domiciliary care are: Care Standards Act 2000 Domiciliary Care Regulations 2002 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 Codes of Practice National Occupation Standards Care Quality Commission Standards These make up the standards to follow for good working practice within Health and Social Care. Question: Describe ways to ensure that personal attitudes or beliefs do not obstruct the quality of work To ensure that personal attitudes or beliefs do not obstruct the quality of work carried out a carer should dedicate themselves to excellence, develop good work ethics and be professional at all times. It may also be possible to change personal attitudes through further training. 2. Be able to reflect on own work activities Explain why reflecting on work activities is an important way to develop knowledge, skills and practice Reflecting on work activities can help a care worker gain a better/clearer understanding of social, cultural, personal and historical experiences. Reflecting is learning through experience, so by deliberating in an orderly fashion we can learn from our own (or others) mistakes, and conversely from what we (or others) have done well and use this new knowledge to help us in future situations. Therefore, reflection can help us to find an awareness of our thoughts and feelings which may relate to a particular area of our working practice. Thus enabling a link between theory and practice, so allow integrated learning. Assess how well own knowledge, skills and understanding meet standards Since starting work in the care industry I have undertaken a considerable amount of formal training, along with practical on the job training/learning. I now have knowledge and understanding of many health and social care policies and procedures and undertake my role in a professional yet empathetic manner. I respect each clients diversity and equality, ensure a high level of confidentiality and promote their independence and well-being by maintaining a high level of personal respect. Demonstrate the ability to reflect on work activities The ability to reflect means to look back on something and think about it in a logical manner. So in a work capacity reflecting on what went well, what didnt go so well, what could be changed and why this change would be necessary all helps regarding possible outcomes of future client calls. For example, in my own work practice when I am on a client call I try to fit my personality to the individual client and work in a way that will enable them to interact well with me. However, sometimes the communication isnt as effective as I would hope for it to be upon working with a new client, I therefore tend to go away and reflect on how I can change my communication strategies with that particular client and approach the situation from a different angle on the next visit to help ensure that the call runs more smoothly on this occasion. 3. Be able to agree a personal development plan Identify sources of support for own learning and development The first point of support regarding own learning and development should be your line manager. Between the two of you you can discuss and agree further training possibilities and a personal development plan which may include accessing company and possibly external training. Discuss options with colleagues/team members/other professionals. Finding a mentor to work alongside of, and gain further support/skills and knowledge from. Describe the process for agreeing a personal development plan and who should be involved The personal development plan should be created by the individual and should include statements and an action plan that works towards achieving personal goals within their career role – this could include areas such as education, training, career, self-improvement. This plan should then be discussed with the line manager to check whether the goals are in line with the organizations expectation of the individual and then regular meetings should be arranged to ensure that the personal development plan stays on an achievable track. Contribute to drawing up own personal development plan A personal development plan is unique to each individual and tailored to suit the individuals personality and goal aspirations. When developing my own personal development plan I would do the following: Determine the strongest aspects of my personality traits. Determine my goals Create a mission statement to help me focus on my plan Create the plan, which will include how my goals will be accomplished – by breaking them down into smaller tasks and into timescales Keep a planner/schedule to track my progress Re-assess and update my personal development plan at regular internals as necessary. In line with regular management appraisals. 4. Be able to develop own knowledge, skills and understanding Show how a learning activity has improved own knowledge, skills and understanding I attended a one day dementia awareness course within my organization, which gave me a much greater understanding of the functioning of the brain and the areas of the brain involved in different kinds of dementia. This gave me a much greater understanding of why clients with dementia behave in the manner that they do and why they react as they do, which ultimately has enabled me to be pro-active in my actions and reactions to clients with dementia. Show how reflecting on a situation has improved own knowledge, skills and understanding Actively reflecting on a particular situation enables me to evaluate the pros and cons of a situation that has already happened. By taking into account other peoples perspectives and viewing from all sides in an objective way I gain further knowledge and understanding, which enables me to subtley alter my own manner for a beneficial outcome to both myself and the client. Show how feedback from others has developed own knowledge, skills and understanding Receiving feedback from managers, colleagues and clients helps me to gain a better understanding of my strengths and weaknesses in my job role. It then enables me to reflect on the comments and act on them accordingly. So, for example, if a colleague should feedback that I do not work well as part of a team I could integrate this comment and work on my team building skills. If my line manager should feedback that a client has commented on my high quality of care I will also use this as a positive marker of my abilities as a care worker. Thus, with either positive or negative feedback it gives me an understanding of others perspectives of my work and I have therefore gained the knowledge that will facilitate me with honing my skills accordingly.

The Real Tragedy of Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Tragedy of   Macbeth In a tragedy the main character rises to greatness, then continues to fall down a shame spiral which leads to their down fall. An example of a tragedy is Macbeth. Macbeth is driven up the hill of greatness a rise, then his untamed ambition leads him to death. The process of a tragedy is slow to let the audience become comfortable with the power and happiness of the main character. Then all of the sudden signs appear that the end is coming and the main character heads toward downfall.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the beggining of the play a battle goes on between King Duncan of Scotland and Macdonwald of Norway. Macbeth fought bravely on Scotland's side and even killed Macdonwald himself. King Duncan hears of Macbeth's brave and noble qualities and crowns him the new Thane of Cawdor. The king states that the old Thane should not device, "... Our bosom interest: go pronounce his present death, And with his former title greet Macbeth." (1.2.63-65) Macbeth is hostile to except the rank because earlier three witches prophesied that Macbeth would become Thane of Cawdor even though there was one at that time. Since Macbeth was crowned Thane of Cawdor, Banquo and Macbeth think that the three withches adre able to correctly tell them their fate.   Macbeth now having higher-ranking authority begins to have his ambition act up on him and crave more power. Lady Macbeth organizes King Duncans murder, which increases Macbeth's ambition and enables Macbeth to rise up to the ultimate height. The murder is carried out but not as planned and Macbeth is driven to kill the king himself. Macbeth states after everyone found the dead king," Loyal and neutral, in a moment? no man. The expedition of my violent love..." (2.3.111-112) This was the only done to destroy and thoughts that may have targeted Macbeth that he could have killed the king.   The greediness for power and the witches prophesies have made Macbeth a very disturbed man. Believing in everthing that the witches say, Macbeth hires three murders to kill both Banquo and his son. By having them killed no one shall be in line to take the crown away from Macbeth. Macbeth then hears that Macduff is pondering on ways to seek revenge so Macbeth plans for death of Macduff's family. Macbeth went for his family hoping to hurt him on the inside to show Macduff not to mess with Macbeth.

Cause and Effects essay Essay

There is no doubt that education is essential to people’s lives. Having a good educational background is an important factor to get a good job and to work effectively. However, one of the saddest issues in today’s society is the college dropout rate in many college or university remains very high. Some people are successful because they have the motivation and determination to graduate college; others are less lucky because they start college and feel as if they lack the preparation, desire, discipline or ability to succeed academically or persevere until a degree has been earned. This leads to quite a situation–to find the support needed to continue or to dropout? Whether you’re realizing that college isn’t for you, family issues, laziness or even debt, understanding some of the common causes and effects of quitting college may aid in the decision. College is an investment. Students either pay for college themselves, possibly with family support or scholarships, or with financial aid. Many students drop out of college because they can’t or don’t want to take on any more student loan debt. The consequence of dropping out at this point is that you have already piled up sizable debt and loan payments (students who drop out of college are required to pay back a portion of their federal-aid funds such as the Pell Grant) that you have to begin paying back several months after you quit school, yet you don’t get the payoff of a degree. Many financial aid administrators feel that the government shouldn’t penalize poor students for dropping out of college, and nor should lower-income students have to â€Å"punch a clock† in order to receive their grant money. Satisfying all the academic requirements and paying all your bills is both necessary and sufficient for being eligible to graduate. In addition to any debt you must repay, your earning potential without a degree is much lower to degree holders. Thus many college dropouts struggle to cover short-term bills and expenses, and find it difficult even to consider saving up money for a home. A college dropout earns about seven percent less than someone with an associate’s degree and about thirty-two percent less than someone with a bachelor’s. College dropouts face more limited career options than graduated peers. A bachelor’s degree commonly  opens the door to entry-level positions in many industries and career fields. As a dropout, your access to many jobs that require a college degree is limited to compete for jobs against people who hold degrees, even when a degree is not required. Job opportunities aren’t the only things that push people to college, sometimes it comes from a progenitor. Some students attend college under pressure from parents or to make their parents proud, not always making themselves happy in the process. In these cases the decision to drop out is not always warmly received. In fact, some students are told that they can’t return home after dropping out, which can only build on more stress. The expectation is that they will get a job and enter the â€Å"real world.† However, to get a job with good pay is hard to find without a degree, and most people don’t realize that. Another reason for dropping out of college is if there was a death in the family or someone you were close to falls ill. A death can cause depression which will eventually make you lose focus of your studies and you’ll end up either failing out, or dropping out. Dropping out can negatively affect relationships with significant others, as well. Recent studies show that divorce rates were significantly lower for college graduates than those without degrees. Having a great academic background can take you a long way, and you can learn how to work adequately in the future. To ensure a successful future, one must strive and have the incentive to succeed. Unfortunately certain things happen and some students have to drop out. It could be a personal choice, or it could be a sacrifice they have to make. In instances where it would be a choice, the students feel as if they’re working towards a dead end and have the lack of motivation. Knowing the reasons and the consequences can help others understand the decision that was made.

Multi agency teams work Essay

Multi-agency teams work together by bringing practitioners from all different sectors and professions within childcare to provide effective and in depth way of working to support children and young people. This includes support of that child or young person’s family. Multi-agency teams work together to ensure the children and young people that require additional support have exactly the right professionals around them to achieve their maximum potential. Assessment may include: ââ€" ªParents and family ââ€" ªPediatrician ââ€" ªEducational Psychologist ââ€" ªSpecialist Teachers for Learning Support, Hearing, Vision, Sensory Impairment, Autism/Complex Communication Difficulties ââ€" ªClinical Psychologist ââ€" ªSpeech and Language Therapist ââ€" ªPhysiotherapist ââ€" ªOccupational Therapist. In addition to parents, one or more of these people may be involved, helping to gain an understanding of children’s communication strengths and needs, and how speech and language can be developed. They can also provide information, advice, guidance and training. If a child needs support from a speech therapist, a social worker, teacher and health worker, then a team of those professionals will be set up, but with the consent of the child, young person and family. Support may include: ââ€" ªSpeech and language therapist ââ€" ªEducational psychologist ââ€" ªPhysiotherapist ââ€" ªOccupational therapist ââ€" ªHealth visitor ââ€" ªSpecialist teachers for Learning Support, Hearing, Vision, Sensory Impairment and Complex communication/Autism These people with specialist knowledge and skills support the people in daily contact with the child. They try to remove barriers to achievement, agree strategies, provide training and identify, and sometimes provide, resources By working together, the team will enable children to make maximum progress and improve the quality and ease of their lives. The members of these teams will share information and support each another so that the child / young person’s needs are met as efficiently and effectively as possible. There are some circumstances where multi-agency teams work together literally in one place. There are other examples where teams may operate virtually- via email/ web cam. The role of a practitioner requires them to meet regularly to discuss the needs of the child or young person in question. This is so they can plan and carry out coordinated, targeted interventions. Development may include: ââ€" ªParents and family ââ€" ªChild minder ââ€" ªEarly Years setting staff such as playgroup leaders, nursery nurses and play/nursery assistants ââ€" ªSchool staff such as teachers, teaching assistants and lunchtime supervisors ââ€" ªConnexions staff ââ€" ªBefore & after school care. These people listed above are the people who come into contact with the child in question every day. They apply their training and knowledge to the situation and know how to be good communication partners, and how to provide a good communication environment. They are the ones actively developing the child’s speech and language. They can share ideas about what does and what does not work for individual children. References Worcestershire County Council and Worcestershire. (2011). Effective multi-agency working and collaboration. Available: http://www.worcestershire.gov.uk/cms/speech-language-communication/targeted-s pecialist-provision/effective-multi-agency-working.aspx. Last accessed 18/9/14.

Resume Writing Format

Resume Writing Format Basically there are three different formats for writing resumes. There is the chronological resume writing format, which focuses mainly on prior experiences in the work force. Using this format is good when you want to focus on your prior work experiences. This is effective when you are looking to change jobs within the same field or when applying to corporations that rely mainly on your past experiences. This particular resume writing format shows exactly where you worked and for how long of a time. It also tells a prospective employer what you did in each job. If you are looking to change to an entirely different career field then this type of resume wouldn’t work very well as all it does is show what you’ve done at the places that you have worked. It doesn’t show your talents or any extracurricular activity that you may be looking to switch over into. Another resume writing format is called the functional resume. This type of resume makes it much easier for the reader to see all your qualifications in one spot. With the chronological, you have everything listed under each job and the reader has to read though each one to get an idea of your qualifications. With the functional resume writing format, you can showcase them all in one section. Remember, when a prospective employer reads resumes, he most likely has hundreds to wade through. He’ll probably devote a good ten seconds on each one and if nothing catches his eye, it’ll go into the reject pile. This is where the functional resume can really jump out and grab someone’s attention. This type of resume writing format is recommended for someone looking to make a career change into a totally different field. When you’re looking to do this, obviously your prior job experiences isn’t going to count much but if you have skills or qualifications in th e career you are hoping to move into, you’ll have the ability to list them in the functional resume writing format. A drawback of this type of resume is that it can make it difficult for some interviewers to determine exactly what you have done and where. The third type of resume is one which combines both the chronological and the functional formats. This type of resume can be the most effective one as it showcases your talents and qualifications as well as shows any prospective employers what your job duties were at each place. Using the combined resume format takes the obvious advantages that one can get from both resume formats but by doing so, this type of resume writing format can get a little longer than most. Keep in mind that you only have approximately ten seconds to grab someone’s attention so focus on making your desired statement at the very beginning of the resume. Do this in a way that will pull the reader in and spark their interest enough to keep reading. Keep in mind the kind of career you are looking for and tailor your resume accordingly. A more traditional kind of field may require nothing but a chronological resume format while other, more creative, fields may prefer the functional type. Get some reference books and look for the different resume formats and play around with the information you have until you get an eye-catching resume. One that will pull the prospective interviewer in and make him want to pick up the phone and call you to find out more.

Rio Bravo A Western With Deep Relationship Insight

Rio Bravo A Western With Deep Relationship Insight Rio Bravo was Hawks’ response on the other western High Moon by Fred Zinnemann. Hawks accused Zinnemann’s sheriff of being weak and unprofessional. Thus, he created his own version of the story, presenting â€Å"the most detailed and elegant expression of his typical concerns – self-respect, self-control, the interdependence of select chosen friends† (McCarthy 565).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rio Bravo: A Western With Deep Relationship Insight specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, the main concern of the film was relationship between the main characters. Wood calls that relationship a family relationship, where Chance is â€Å"Father†, â€Å"the master of the â€Å"home† but with the freedom to move outside†; Stumpy is â€Å"Mother†, who almost never leaves â€Å"the home/jail†; Dude and Colorado are â€Å"the occasionally troublesome sons† ( Wood xxii). Wood stresses that this close relationship is very strong and committed, because â€Å"family members are bound† not by blood, but â€Å"by personal loyalty and mutual respect† (Wood xxii). Thus, limited settings of the film only contribute to the creation of such intimacy. Hawks creates a small community where such close family relationship is transparent. The small town keeps the main characters together. Hawks deliberately restricts the area to concentrate on the relation. It is very interesting, that though Rio Bravo is a western, it is more focused on the relationship rather than on the action. Single area setting enables Hawks to create the necessary background for relationship development and characters’ personality development depiction. As stated above the film is focused on the interrelations and personality development. Thus, each of the characters goes his/her own path to find something inside of oneself and become better. From the very beginning of the film Dude is trying to go this path, and. Finally, he succeeds. From the very first scene of the film Dude receives the necessary impact to change oneself, overcome his weakness and become a good, strong and reliable person. This impact is actually the key event of the story, event which provokes the whole story. First, the viewers meet a miserable drunk Dude, and then they get to know that this drunk was once a respected man. Finally, in the course of the film Dude becomes positive and respectful. It is worth mentioning that Hawks doesn’t deprive Dude from being human, and he yields to his weakness and gets drunk, he shows his weakness. But it does not mean he is again that miserable drunk. It only proves that Dude is a strong man who is ready to give his life for his friends and the right deeds.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another figure that is changing during the film is Chance. This sheriff is very strong and confident; he understands and accepts his responsibility for the order in his town. He doesn’t want and doesn’t afford to accept help from non-professionals. He rejects the help of people of his town, motivating that by the fact that these â€Å"helpers† will be only easy targets for the bad guys. Chance is very confident is really like a father, a bit superior and responsible for his family. This is vividly revealed in the scene when they sing a song in the jail, all are involved: Dude, Colorado, and Stumpy. Only Chance is a little bit apart, watching them, smiling as if at his lovely kids. But he changes and accepts their help, after he sees them to be professionals. For instance, in the scene when they change Dude for Burdette Chance is sure in Dudes ability to win Burdette. Chance finally admits that his â€Å"children† are grown-up and can help him. It is worth mentioning t hat Chance has changed not only in his attitude to his friends. He also changes his attitude towards women by saying Feathers he loves her. He is ready to quit his lonely life and he is ready for romantic relationship. Chance is not that tough emotionless guy that he used to be; now he is open to new emotional experiences. It is also very interesting to see the change of the character considering Feather. Being a female character in a western, as Wood suggests, means to be an entertainment part of it; females are often deprived of some independent actions, they are a kind of entourage, though they are also indispensible (Wood xxiii). However, this film reveals Feathers as a strong character who â€Å"trains Chance†, trains him â€Å"for a relationship of spiritual equals† (Wood 48). Apart from changing Chance, Feather also changes her relationship with herself and her life. She is also changing during the film. From the salon entertainer she turns into a strong and c ommitted personality, she does not go with the stream anymore; she is ready to take control of her life. One of the pivotal moments of this change can be regarded the scene when Feather talks to Colorado, she admits that her life is different from that it is to be. It may be the moment when she understands that changes are necessary. One more crucial moment for her is when Chance asks her to stop wearing feathers, thus, stop leading the life she led. Then Chance says he loves her, and that can be the final impact that changes Feather into a respectful woman, who respects herself. Thus, all these characters became better due to interrelation with each other, their help, attention, respect and support made all of them capable to become better. Apart from creating the atmosphere of intimacy which was to stress the characters’ relationship and personal development, Hawks still succeeded in creating a good western with action, guns and shooting. Hawks was a real professional. One of his best findings was the creation of the affect of suspense. From the very first scenes of the film there is suspense of Burdette’s attack. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rio Bravo: A Western With Deep Relationship Insight specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More After the killer imprisonment the viewer is waiting for the great fight of bad guys and good guys. Everyone in the town is waiting for it, sheriff and his deputies are getting prepared. Focusing on the characters interrelations Hawks never stops reminding the viewer about the coming attack. Characters dialogues are full of this suspense. One of the ways to enhance the suspense is music. The scene when Burdette pays Mexicans for playing that specific tune. And from that moment the tune never stops, Colorado explains that this is a sign, the sign that the prisoner will be saved. Thus, this continuing melody keeps the viewer aware of the fact that the f ight is inevitable. In conclusion it is necessary to add that Rio Bravo became one of the best examples of westerns due to its originality and preciseness. Not many westerns are as much concerned with relationship and such important issues as professionalism, friendship and responsibility. Thus, Rio Bravo is still watched and praised since, on one hand, it reveals a great example of how to make a good film, on the other hand, it represents classic western with deep insight into the nature of people relationship. McCarthy, Todd. Howard Hawks: The Grey Fox of Hollywood. New York: Grove Press, 2000. Wood, Robin. Howard Hawks. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 2006.

PIN Number

PIN Number PIN Number PIN Number By Simon Kewin To keep your writing as clear and concise as possible, you should generally try to remove unnecessary words. Sometimes duplication is fine – for artistic effect, for example but as a general rule, it’s best to say things in as few words as possible.   Unnecessary words often creep in when using acronyms. Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of phrases, as discussed in a previous Daily Writing Tips article. Examples include â€Å"laser† (from â€Å"light amplification by the stimulated emission of radiation† and â€Å"scuba† (from â€Å"self-contained underwater breathing apparatus†). But a mistake that is often made is to repeat, unnecessarily, the last word of the original phrase.   An example of this is â€Å"PIN number†. In this phrase, PIN is (most commonly) an acronym for â€Å"personal identification number†. Written out in full, â€Å"PIN number† amounts to â€Å"personal identification number number†. This might make sense – if, for example, you were discussing the number of PINs you have – but most likely it’s just nonsense. â€Å"Please enter your PIN† makes perfect sense.   There are numerous other examples to be found : ATM machine, HIV virus, ISBN number, LCD display, SAT test and so forth. These are very common mistakes : search for any of them on the internet and you’ll find countless examples. Because they are so common, it’s all too easy to find yourself employing them without noticing. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterAt Your DisposalAppropriate vs. Apropos vs. Apt

Physical Security Principles Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Physical Security Principles Paper - Essay Example Physical security describes both measures that prevent or deter attackers from accessing a facility, resource, or information stored on physical media and guidance on how to design structures to resist various hostile acts. (Task Committee 1999) According to O’Sullivan (2003), security planning should encompass the following areas: (1) identification of assets; (2) exposing losses; (3) assignment of occurrence probability factors; (4) assessment of the impact of occurrence; and (5) selection of countermeasures. The WBDG Safe Committee averred that the countermeasures that must be implemented by security management in its role to safeguard the assets and resources of the organization would depend on the type of the building, on the risk levels, and on various factors influencing the assessment and evaluation of risk. Diverse classifications of risk are known to be more susceptible to buildings, to wit: forced entry, different kinds of threats (insider, explosive, ballistic), terrorist attacks through weapons of mass destruction, and technological breaches. From among the security measures necessary to address building, grounds and perimeter security, WBDG Safe Committee (2009) identified the following security countermeasures as the most effective: building or organizational access control, detection systems designed specifically to prevent intrusion by installation of fences and barriers, video and CCTV, and alarms. Specifically, the following methods are suggested to protect buildings, grounds and perimeters: (1) implementing stringent policies for access control through checking of proper identifications, (2) limiting and monitoring authority to access to highly safeguarded areas, (3) considering strengthening the foundation of buildings, grounds, and perimeters to ensure protection from collapse and fortuitous

Creativity and Innovation Empowerment by the Right Leadership Essay

Creativity and Innovation Empowerment by the Right Leadership - Essay Example This means employers look for people who are creative, innovative and bring in fresh, original and imaginative ideas to boost their products and services. In fostering environments where creativity thrive, stronger overall businesses will emerge. However, the way in which a manager of employees can get optimum creativity from his workforce is not always clear. According to Periperl (2002), creating teams of people inspired by the spirit of creativity will enhance overall performance within a business. This study intends to find the common elements of managerial/ leadership styles that promote employee creativity and innovation in the work environment. Creativity and Innovation In many research studies, the terms creativity and innovation are often used interchangeably, however, there are noted differences between the two. Mumford & Gustafson (1988) contend that creativity has to do with the production of novel and useful ideas, and innovation has to do with the production or adoption of such useful ideas as well as its implementation (Kanter, 1988; Van de Ven, 1986). In any case, organizations need both to be successful in the achievement of its goals. Robinson (2011) contends that in order to maintain a competitive edge, creativity and innovation are necessary to generate new ideas for products and services. ... r, even if an individual has enough appropriate creative thinking skills and expertise, a high level of creativity will not be reached if he or she lacks the motivation to mobilize efforts to use such capabilities (Jung, 2001). A common phrase used referring to creativity is ‘thinking outside the box†. Notar & Padgett (2010) commented that very successful people never appear to have a â€Å"box† from which they ope rate. However, a box is something associated with something that confines one to a finite space. â€Å"Thinking outside the box† then means not thinking in a finite space but opening the minds out to infinite space with endless possibilities. Bernacki (2002) enumerates some attributes related to thinking outside the box as having a willingness to take new perspectives to day-to-day work. It also entails openness to do different things and to do things differently. Creative individuals focus on the value of finding new ideas and acting on them. The y strive to create value in new ways. Although they already have great ideas in mind, they still enjoy listening to others due to their perennial search for better ideas. Creative Cultures/Environments Amabile (1998) suggests that for leaders to foster creativity among their subordinates, they must establish an organizational environment wherein subordinates feel safe contributing their ideas and trying out innovative approaches without fear of punishment for failure. Transformational leaders stimulate their followers to think ‘out of the box’ by enhancing generative and exploratory thinking (Sosik et al., 1998). Such leaders push their followers to bravely think about old problems in new ways, to question their own values, traditions and beliefs, as well as the leader’s beliefs and assumptions (Bass, 1985;

The Occupy Wall Street Movement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Occupy Wall Street Movement - Research Paper Example In terms of my presentation I will perform a little skit on the â€Å"Occupy Wall Street† movement, demonstrating how communication and interpretations of symbols converge to create a shared reality for the people involved (Jack & Adam, 2011). Introduction The Occupy Wall Street is an underway chain of protests started by the Canadian activist group, Adbusters that started on 17th September, 2011. The setting was in the Zuccotti Park in New York’s Wall Street economic district. A common vision for this group is protesting against fiscal and social inequality which in turn has resulted into increased rates of unemployment, greed and corruption (Jack & Adam, 2011). Such inhuman acts are being done under the effect of organization especially in the fiscal sector. The demonstration group has a slogan we are the 99% referring to the escalating diversity in wealth in the United States of America. This escalation is between the bourgeois 1% and the rest of the populace. Like m ost of good techniques used in rhetorical analysis, the fantasy theme analysis method utilizes the schemata in which there is description, interpretation, and evaluation of the rhetorical material. This paper takes on the particular movement of Occupy Wall Street Movement that has a symbolic reality of the populace under demonstration (Jack & Adam, 2011). Assumptions of this fantasy theme analysis technique are of paramount importance in unveiling the implications of symbols used and the kind of vision that these people hold in common. As such, the plotline of the Occupy Wall Street movement shall be looked into as well as its scene to reveal the kind of setting and motives behind the movement. Along the discussion, the paper shall establish whether there exists a sanctioning agent in the vision of protest. Application Adbusters Foundation, which is well known for its marketing-free anti-consumerist magazine suggested a diplomatic activity of Wall Street to demonstrate corporate imp act on the democracy, the lack of authorized ramifications for the bankers causing the recent universal economic recession, and an increasing disparity in affluence (Bormann, 1985). In the use of the fantasy theme analysis, the movement indicates the element of scene, which is the place in which the protest takes place. As a result, the OWS sought to put together the symbolic setting of this year’s demonstrations in Tahrir Square having the consent decision making of the 2011 Spanish dissents. There most significant reason as to why the setting for such an action was in the Zuccotti Park is because it is privately owned. This bars the police forces from lawfully forcing the complainants to leave without an official permission of the property owner. In this case, the rhetoric, figurative and tricks of the Occupy Wall Street are on the one hand stimulated by the Arab Spring demonstrations like the Tahrir Square in Cairo. In addition, the movement has an immediate archetype whic h is the British student gripe of 2010, Greece’s as well as the Spain’s anti-austerity demonstrations of the â€Å"indignados† (Bormann, 1972). These experiences have a commonality with OWS dependence on social media and electronic messaging to outwit the governments and the notion that monetary organizations, associations and

Contemporary thinking in Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Contemporary thinking in Marketing - Essay Example These experiences indicate the physical, emotional, behavioral and rational value of goods and services. In other words, experiential marketing theory can be defined as any event, which helps in marketing products and/or services, ideas, places and person among others by forming effective communication with the targeted customers or audiences (Sharma, & Sharma, 2011). The experiential marketing theory is often viewed to be a contemporary marketing discipline, which practice by several companies of this modern day context for generating greater awareness about their respective potential products and/or services (Heng, 1990; Wood, n.d.). Amongst varied business corporations operating in dissimilar industry, the organizations belonging to events sector are also identified to use promotion or experiential marketing theory. Such organizations operating in events sector of the UK market can be ascertained as "Jarvis Woodhouse Events" and "Definitive Events Limited.   With this concern, the essay tends to discuss and analyze the application of either promotion or experiential strategy by the above discussed two event organizations for targeting their profiled customers. Moreover, the essay will also describe consumer value through the execution of marketing theory and also the value types that are being offered to the customers by the products and/or services of the above stated event organizations. Jarvis Woodhouse Events, an UK based events management company, remains much committed towards serving clients with quality services and forming effective communication with them. The company was mainly established in the year 1992, which continued its business journey by offering the products and/or services like conferences, corporate hospitality and incentive programs among others to its potential customers (Jarvis Woodhouse Events, 2014). It

The Importance of Law Enforcement Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Importance of Law Enforcement - Article Example As quoted by Schuster (2007) from the American Judicature Society, â€Å"misidentification by the eyewitness was the leading cause of wrongful conviction in more than 75% of the first 183 DNA exonerations in the United States†. From this statement, questions arise on the effectiveness of the methods used by the police in letting the eyewitness identify suspects from photographic and live lineups that are commonly used in the US police departments. There are two kinds of lineups: simultaneous and sequential. In a simultaneous lineup, the eyewitness views all the people or photos at the same time, while in a consequential lineup, people or photographs are presented to the witness one at a time. Both lineups have their disadvantages. In the simultaneous lineup, most preferred by law enforcers, Schuster (2007) quoted that witnesses use â€Å"relative judgment† rather than their memory. This means that they just compare the lineups with each other and choose the one that closely resembles the perpetrator. This becomes a problem most especially when the perpetrator is not present in the lineup because the eyewitness can just pick anyone that closely resembles the perpetrator. In a consequential line-up, on the other hand, a decision should be made about the current lineup before moving to the next. As such, the eyewitness oftentimes relies on the use of â€Å"absolute judgment† in which witnesses compare each lineup on what he or she thinks the offender looks like. Aside from the disadvantages, Schuster (2007) also quoted variables that can affect the outcome of police lineups. These are the pre-lineup instructions given to the witness, the physical characteristics of the fillers, similarities or differences between the witness’ and suspect’s age, race, or ethnicity, and incident characteristics such as the use of force or weapons.

How to solve the Cost Crisis in Health Care Essay

How to solve the Cost Crisis in Health Care - Essay Example As far as the issue of measuring the cost of healthcare is concerned, the position taken by Kaplan and Porter will be agreed with since knowledge of the cost makes it possible to determine whether a person is getting value for money from healthcare expenditure (Harris & Lenox, 2013). In its current form, the United States healthcare system can be said to be suffering from a cost crisis that consists of both a system that is wrongly measured and one that is overly burdened on service users. In the opinion of Moran (2013) however, the best way to tackle the issue of cost crisis is to approach it from a more systematic perspective where the real quantum of cost put into the system can be found. From this position, the argument of Kaplan and Porter on the need for healthcare cost to experience cost reduction interventions will be agreed with. But as the authors themselves noted, it will be more important to know the real value of cost involved in healthcare delivery. This is because any form of rush to drastically reducing cost in the system may only be a way the whole country may be digging its own whole towards the reception of a ill-funded and thus a poor healthcare system (Ginter, Duncan and Swayne,

The Importance of Law Enforcement Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Importance of Law Enforcement - Article Example As quoted by Schuster (2007) from the American Judicature Society, â€Å"misidentification by the eyewitness was the leading cause of wrongful conviction in more than 75% of the first 183 DNA exonerations in the United States†. From this statement, questions arise on the effectiveness of the methods used by the police in letting the eyewitness identify suspects from photographic and live lineups that are commonly used in the US police departments. There are two kinds of lineups: simultaneous and sequential. In a simultaneous lineup, the eyewitness views all the people or photos at the same time, while in a consequential lineup, people or photographs are presented to the witness one at a time. Both lineups have their disadvantages. In the simultaneous lineup, most preferred by law enforcers, Schuster (2007) quoted that witnesses use â€Å"relative judgment† rather than their memory. This means that they just compare the lineups with each other and choose the one that closely resembles the perpetrator. This becomes a problem most especially when the perpetrator is not present in the lineup because the eyewitness can just pick anyone that closely resembles the perpetrator. In a consequential line-up, on the other hand, a decision should be made about the current lineup before moving to the next. As such, the eyewitness oftentimes relies on the use of â€Å"absolute judgment† in which witnesses compare each lineup on what he or she thinks the offender looks like. Aside from the disadvantages, Schuster (2007) also quoted variables that can affect the outcome of police lineups. These are the pre-lineup instructions given to the witness, the physical characteristics of the fillers, similarities or differences between the witness’ and suspect’s age, race, or ethnicity, and incident characteristics such as the use of force or weapons.

Mary Schapiro’s job was to fix the SEC Essay Example for Free

Mary Schapiro’s job was to fix the SEC Essay 1.Kotter’s eight steps As already noted, the SEC was starkly exposed as ill-equipped to deal with the chaos erupting across the globe. It was under strong criticism for the serious fraud of Bernard Madoff and the collapse of Wall Street stalwart Lehman Brothers. Accordingly, Mary Schapiro, a career regulator, was appointed the 29th chairman of SEC to save a languishing SEC. She changed the way they were doing things at the SEC including creating new structures, procedures, and programs to better address the modern financial markets as an urgent need to restore the credibility and public confidence in the SEC. This analysis is based on Kotter’s (1995) eight-step process for leading successful change. a.Establishing a sense of urgency The chairwoman argues that urgency is critical. Schapiro developed a change program with three priorities comprising internal assessment, investor protection focus and mistakes acknowledgement. The mission was to turn the SEC to be a high functioning, agile and intelligent, and committed to investor protection and market integrity. b.Creating a guiding coalition In order to able to manage the change process, she brought in new leadership and new senior team. The new leadership team set about retraining, skilling up and motivating the SEC’s talent staff. In addition, the investor –focused agenda was putting in place. The board and senior management and then all levels of decision making were required to pay attention to risk at all level of an enterprise. The whistle blower program was set up to detect securities violations. A final goal was to admit the mistakes that the SEC made under its watch. This is the first step in communicating the change vision. c.Developing a vision and strategy A vision was created to help direct the change effort, that was, to build a high functioning, agile and intelligent, and committed to investor protection and market integrity agency. d.Communicating the change vision In order to communicate the change vision, the chairwoman developed an open  way communication in which all staff and bankers could directly discuss with her. e.Empowering broad-based actions The SEC critically trained their staff to become certified fraud examiners. The organisation was restructured by removing the whole layer of management sending those to the frontline putting thousand staff to different focus groups such as corrupt foreign practices, insider trading, market manipulation and structured products. In addition, the SEC also set rules for over the counter and asset backed securities, hedge funds and examination program. f.Generate short- term wins Monetary reward and safe avenue were offered to whistle blower as a way to encourage people to detect securities violation as part of the change program. Fine was charged to financial institution (Goldman Sachs) due to misleading investor mortgage securities. g.Consolidating gains and producing more change h.Anchor new approaches in the future The change within the SEC was continually anchored for several years after the change commenced.

Grey Country, Ontario: Impact of Geography on Humans

Grey Country, Ontario: Impact of Geography on Humans Located in southern Ontario on the south-most shores of Georgian Bay, Grey  County has often been identified as a popular tourist destination because of its endless geological landmarks, ideal climate and ample bodies of water. The area encompassed by Grey County (as seen in Figure 1.1) has been found to have a population of 92,568 and covered 4513.21 km2 of land in 2011 (#### statscan). The county was established in 1852 with its headquarters at Owen Sound (Marsh, 1931), and quicly became a major trade hub due to its plentiful natural resources which included forests, fish, fur, and minerals, leading to the establishment of sawmills, furniture factories, quarry’s and apple orchards (grey web####). In recent years, the physical-geographic landmarks have had a great influence on tourism in Grey County. In 2008 the County hosted over 1.779 million visitors, brought in over 331 million dollars in expenditures, supported over 3200 jobs and contributed 9.9 million dollars to muni cipal taxes (Action plan, ####). The study was aimed to analyze, understand and provide evidence of the relationship between the physical geography and human activity within Grey County. An analysis of how geomorphology, hydrology and climatology impacted human activity in the County was completed and an understanding of their importance was established. Due to the specificity of the topic researched throughout this study, the difficulty of acquiring credible and peer-reviewed resources was of high magnitude. The main method of research was using the key word approach on websites to maximize efficiency when searching for scholarly documents. Terms such as â€Å"Formation, Niagara Escarpment† were used on scholarly databases to yield specific details about the origins of the Niagara Escarpment. Other terms such as â€Å"Grey County, Tourism†, â€Å"Grey County, Climate, Hydrology, Geomorphology† and â€Å"Grey County, Conservation Areas† yielded sufficient information and reports on the geographical and anthropological aspects of Grey County. Lastly, the use of Statistics Canada, The Niagara Escarpment Commission and County of Grey websites provided statistical, political and historical data about the topic researched. Based on the information compiled by the key word approach it was possible to establish a relationship between the physical geography of the area and its human activity. The unique geological landscapes of Grey County, which are explained through the science of geomorphology, have been a crucial factor in attracting human activity to the area. Christopherson and Byrne have defined geomorphology as â€Å"the science that analyzes and describes the origin, evolution, form, classification, and spatial distribution of landforms† (Christopherson Byrne, 2009, G.6). The County was found to be located atop a portion of the Niagara Escarpment; recognized by UNESCO as a World Biosphere Reserve, with its origins dating back 430 million years and found to span over 725 km throughout Ontario (NEC, n.d). This particular landscape formation can be associated with an age-old sea that once covered the area and overtime eroded adjacent mountains depositing sediments onto the sea floor (Kreuger, n.d). As a result of lithification, these sediments were transformed into shale, slate, sandstone, dolostone and other sedimentary rocks over millions of years which we re then warped and bent by the earths forces, forming the Niagara Escarpment along the rim of the Michigan basin (Kreuger, n.d). The Niagara Escarpment was further shaped through differential erosion by a process called sapping (see Figure 1.2), where the sub-lying soft rock eroded much faster then the dolostone cap rock, leading to mass wasting and the formation of cliff slopes (talus slopes) such as the Blue Mountains (Kreuger, n.d). These mountainous regions of Grey County have promoted the establishment of recreational businesses attracting millions of tourists due to its diversified landscape and limitless year-round recreational activities. Although the steep slopes of the Niagara Escarpment within Grey County have been found unsuitable for agricultural purposes, they have attracted humans who for decades have been using them for their recreational abilities. The geography of Grey County has allowed for summer activities ranging from rock climbing, caving, camping, golfing, fi shing, biking, as well as hiking parts of the Bruce trail to winter attractions including skiing, skating, snow shoeing, dog sledding, horse back riding and snowmobiling (Grey County Tourism, n.d a). These human interactions with the geographic landscape have helped establish the importance and understanding of how geomorphology promotes the interaction of humans with their surrounding landscapes. Grey County has often been associated with mild winters and warm summers which have influenced both recreational activity and the apple growing industry in the area. As defined by Christopherson and Byrne, climatology â€Å"is the scientific study of climate and climate patterns and the consistent behavior of weather, including its variability and extremes, over time in one place or region† (Christopherson Byrne, 2009, G.3). Located in proximity to both Lake Ontario and Lake Huron, the area has been found to experience a humid continental climate with moderate temperatures, cold dry air from the Arctic, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico and dry winds from the Pacific (Brown McKay, 1974). The area of study was found to have an average temperature and snowfall during winter months of -4.50  °C and 49.7 cm respectively (see Figure 1.3 1.5), an average temperature of 18.40 °C during the summer months (see Figure 1.3) and a yearly precipitation average of 62.8 mm (see Figure 1.4) (The Weather Network, n.d). The geographic location of Grey County and its climate influenced the apple growing industry during the 1840’s when farmers realized that the large bodies of water; Lake Huron and Lake Ontario, reduced the chances of late spring and early autumn frosts while the surrounding Niagara Escarpment and Beaver Valley acted as a barrier confining warm lake air, creating a climate suitable for apple growing and making it one of the biggest industries in the area (Almond, 1985). The ideal winter and summer climates as well as the geographical landscapes of Grey County have not only attracted apple farmers, but also tourists and new residents because of the vast amount of recreational activities offered during all four seasons of the year. During the winter, residents and tourists have been able to enjoy activities such as skiing, snowshoeing, skating, ice fishing, snowmobiling and hiking due to the cold climates and mass snowfalls combined with the rol ling landscapes of the Niagara Escarpment and Beaver Valley. People have also been able to partake in various recreational activities during the spring, summer and fall seasons which included biking, fishing, camping, cave exploring, hunting, swimming and rock climbing (Grey County Tourism, n.d a). The climate within the area of study has promoted settlement for several decades and continues to be a strong factor, in parallel with the geographic landscape, in attracting the human population to Grey County. The hydrologic activity within the County has been a critical resource in providing clean drinking water and promoting recreational activity but has also been known to cause flood damage during extreme runoff events. Christopherson and Byrne have defined hydrology as â€Å"the science of water, its global circulation, distribution, and properties, specifically water at and below the earths surface† (Christopherson Byrne, 2009, G.7). The area of study has been found to contain a large amount of lakes and rivers, which in conjunction with the hills and valleys have formed the areas three major watersheds: Grey Sauble, Nottawasaga and Saugeen Valley Conservation Areas (see Figure 1.6) (Grey County Tourism, n.d b). As a result, the surrounding lands have provided valuable resources in the form of underground aquifers, which have been used as a main source of clean drinking water for the people of Grey County (Waterloo Hydrogeologic, 2003). The area of Grey County has also been kn ow to experience flooding in the spring months due to the large volume of runoff from winter snowmelt. In late April of 2013, it was found that the combined event of snowmelt and precipitation in the Grey County area was larger then a 100 year summer storm of duration greater than 14 hours, leading to large armounts of flooding, damage and road closures due to unsafe driving conditions (Greenland International Consulting Ltd., 2014). Despite the previously stated risks, humans are still attracted to Grey County because of its vast amounts of lakefront properties, plentiful supply of self sustaining groundwater and hydrology influenced recreational activities. Tourists and residents have been able to take part in various activities such as canoeing the rivers of the County, boating on the Nottawasaga Bay, and fishing both during winter and summer months. This research has proved that humans will seek areas of natural beauty and plentiful resources despite it being prone to substantia l flooding, further solidifying how the physical-geographic environment has influenced human population in Grey County. Grey County has been found to attract human activity do to its geological landmarks, ideal climate and ample bodies of water. Its wide range of hills and valleys shaped by geomorphology, moderate continental climate with cool winters and warm summers as well as the abundance of hydrologic related resources have made Grey County a popular tourist destination for millions of humans annually due the various recreational businesses promoted by these qualities. It is evident by the information provided within this study that human activity within Grey County has been heavily influenced by the presence of its unique physical-geographic phenomena. Figure 1.1: County Of Grey Unknown (n.d), County of Grey, Municipalities and Townships, Retrieved November 14, 2014, from http://www.grey.ca/services/local-municipalities/?i=7365 Figure 1.2: Differential Erosion, Sapping Process Walter Tovell (1955), The Sapping Process, [Diagram], Retrieved November 14, 2014, Niagara Escarpment Commission http://www.escarpment.org/about/geology/weathering/index.php Figure 1.3: Average Annual Temperature Data for Owen Sound, Ontario. The Weather Network (n.d), Temperature Data, Retrieved November 16, 2014, from http://www.theweathernetwork.com/forecasts/statistics/summary/cl6116132/caon0515 Figure 1.4: Average Monthly Rainfall for Owen Sound, Ontario. The Weather Network (n.d), Monthly Rainfall, Retrieved November 16, 2014, from http://www.theweathernetwork.com/forecasts/statistics/summary/cl6116132/caon0515 Figure 1.5: Average Monthly Snowfall for Owen Sound, Ontario. The Weather Network (n.d), Monthly Snowfall, Retrieved November 16, 2014, from http://www.theweathernetwork.com/forecasts/statistics/summary/cl6116132/caon0515 Figure 1.6: Watersheds of Southern Ontario. Conservation Ontario (2014), Conservation Authority Watersheds, Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://www.conservation-ontario.on.ca/what-we-do/watershed-stewardship/aquatic-species-at-risk Almond, B. (1985) History of the Meaford and Area Apple Industry. Unpublished history available at the Meaford Museum and Meaford Public Library. Brown, D., McKay, G. (1974). The Climate of Southern Ontario (2nd ed.). Toronto: Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment. Christopherson, R., Byrne, M. (2009). Geosystems: An introduction to Physical Geography (2nd Canadian ed.). Toronto: Pearson Prentice Hall. Conservation Ontario (2014), Conservation Authority Watersheds, Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://www.conservation-ontario.on.ca/what-we-do/watershed-stewardship/aquatic-species-at-risk Greenland International Consulting Ltd. (2014). Climate Change Adaptation A Four Season Approach to Drainage Infrastructure Guidelines. Study, Blue Mountains. Grey County Tourism. (n.d a). Travel Experiences, Retrieved November 16, 2014, from http://www.visitgrey.ca/travel-experiences/ Grey County Tourism. (n.d b). Conservation Areas, Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://www.visitgrey.ca/travel-experiences/beautiful-naturally/conservation-areas/ Krueger, R. (n.d.). The Blue Mountains. Retrieved November 14, 2014, from http://www.watershedtrust.ca/index.php/home/a-brief-natural-history Marsh, E. (1931). A history of the County of Grey, (p. 217). Owen Sound, Ontario: Fleming Pub. Niagara Escarpment Commission (NEC), (n.d.). Geological Timeline, Retrieved November 14, 2014, from http://www.escarpment.org/about/geology/timeline/index.php The Weather Network (n.d), Temperature Data, Monthly Rainfall, Monthly Snowfall, Retrieved November 16, 2014, from http://www.theweathernetwork.com/forecasts/statistics/summary/cl6116132/caon0515 Unknown (n.d), County of Grey, Municipalities and Townships, Retrieved November 14, 2014, from http://www.grey.ca/services/local-municipalities/?i=7365 Waterloo Hydrogeologic . (2003). Grey and Bruce Counties Groundwater Study. Company Study, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Walter Tovell (1955), The Sapping Process, [Diagram], Retrieved November 14, 2014, Niagara Escarpment Commission http://www.escarpment.org/about/geology/weathering/index.php

The Symbolic Pearl :: essays research papers

Most novels usually have a main symbol, which teaches a character, or the reader, a very important lesson or moral. This is true in Nathaniel Hawthorne's classic The Scarlet Letter, where Hester Prynne's daughter Pearl serves as the most extensive living symbol in the entire novel. She is much more of a symbol than an actual character. Pearl symbolizes Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale's concealed love affair and plays a key character in The Scarlet Letter as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Little Pearl, the so-called 'elf child,'; is the daughter and result of the minister Arthur Dimmesdale and Hester Prynne's unthinkable sin of adultery. She is an imaginative, intelligent little girl who is full of life and shows a 'rich and luxuriant beauty; a beauty that shone with deep and vivid tints.'; She is a living, breathing child who can see and talk. The only real characteristics that prove she is an actual person are shown by her emotions; she has a very unfavorable temper and usually ends up getting her way by throwing tantrums. For example, in the forest scene, she sees her mother's scarlet letter discarded on the ground, fusses and screams for her to put it back on, which eventually Hester does. Pearl is obviously a definite person, but she is also a definite symbol of many things. First, she is a distinct symbol of the relationship between Hester and Dimmesdale. She is a representative of the passion, which came with Hester's sin of adultery. Second, she is an active reminder of Hester's sin besides the letter A on her breast. And lastly, Pearl becomes mesmerized by her mother's scarlet letter. She pelts the letter with flowers, 'covering the mother's breast with hurts for which she could find no balm in this world.'; Pearl's 'inevitable tendency to hover about the enigma of the scarlet letter'; is fully developed when Pearl imitates her mother by placing a seaweed letter A on her own breast.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But the most important symbol that Pearl reflects is when they are in the forest. In one of the book's most dramatic scenes, Pearl blocks her mother's attempt to escape from her symbol of shame. After Hester has tossed her scarlet letter on the ground, Pearl shrieks in a fit and will not recognize or come to her mother until she proceeds to put her letter back on and puts her hair back up under her white cap.

Alien And Sedition Acts :: essays research papers

ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1798, when Congress passed both the Alien and Sedition Acts, it was very much constitutional. These acts were definitely in the best interest of America. America was a significantly young nation, at the time, and could not afford to create problems caused by foreigners coming to America. They did not have enough national power to sustain order if everyone was attacking the newly created laws, and many of those rebels being citizens from foreign countries, nevertheless.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These acts were, of no questions asked, surly constitutional. The Federalist Party presented these acts, later consequently passed by Congress, because they were and fair and just laws in accordance to the nation at that time. For the sake of argument, the nation and government was very inexperienced, and did not know what to expect in their near future. John Adams became the second president of the United States of America, subsequently, having to accept many challenges and responsibilities to fulfill the job in office. He had the task of making sure that the newly founded nation kept running smooth. That is a big burden if there are activities going on in the country that one has no control, nor knowledge of (i.e. foreigners coming into the nation and starting trouble by disrupting the form of government, or having radicals trying to protest and perturb the running government in office-Federalists, at this time). John Adams was smart enough to realize the signif icance of these factors. Thus, taking his duty of President of USA seriously, he, along with the Federalist-controlled Congress, took action to protect the new country. Hence, were the creation and passing of the four, debate-causing laws (Naturalization, Alien, Alien Enemies, and Sedition Acts).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These all made sense to be in effect for the time and date because many of the immigrants coming to the USA were Irish exiles (for plotting against British rule), British radicals, and French people (wanting to rebel against Adams). On these grounds, and many more, President Adams and the Federalist-controlled Congress had reason to believe that they had to protect their country from stirring troubles. In view of that, the government was permitted to the authority of deporting or imprisoning any foreigner that he saw fit. This is a very sensible power that the president ought to have had back then, given the particular situation. They also were entitled to enforce such laws to protect against from just any, unintelligent foreigners from intruding in their country to vote and such for legally binding decisions of the nation.

The Ten Plagues of Egypt

TAKE HOME SHEET After hearing the full version of this song in class your challenge is to memorize and/or remix it!!!! First God sent, Plague number one, Turned the Nile into blood. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number two, Jumping frogs all over you. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number three, Swarms of gnats from head to knee. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! â€Å"Then God sent, Plague number four, Filthy ? ies need we say more? All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number ? ve, All the livestock up and died. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number six, Boils and sores to make you sick. All the p eople in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number seven, Hail and lighting down from heaven. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low,They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number eight, Locust came and they sure ate. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number nine, Total darkness all the time. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number ten, Pharaoh's son died so he gave in. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, Finally Pharaoh let them go. *Parents the original song is to the melody of â€Å"This Old Man†

Freedom of Speech Indian

Freedom Of Indian Press Freedom of Press In India DESPITE BEING the largest Democracy in the World, the Indian Press has never been accorded a free status. A survey of civil and political liberties carried out by Freedom House listed the Indian press as being â€Å"partly free†. What is of concern here is that it figured even below countries like Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Comoros, Ecuador and El Salvador. Ever since, the time of Hickey, the administration has recognized the potential of the Indian Press to be severely anti-establishment. To check the growth of the Indian press without seeming overtly restrictive, the British Government enacted several legislation that were successful in restricting the Indian Press. This restriction has carried on to the present times. A major reason to doubt India's freedom of the press stems from the times of the Emergency when constitutional safeguards meant to protect freedom of speech and expression were set aside. Even today the Official Secrets Act allows the Government to ban publication of articles dealing with sensitive security issues. However, journalists feel that in practice this is occasionally used to limit criticism of government actions, particularly in Punjab and Kashmir. The Government controls even the issual of subsidized newsprint to newspapers. The mass media in India works in the absence of an absorptive infrastructure and hence widespread illiteracy and a limited audience weaken the media's efficiency. It has been alleged that the most important limitation to the media's efficiency in India is its inclination towards being a â€Å"uni-directional transmitory mechanism†, i. e. , a center to periphery type of direction that is unable to represent particularistic interests. The situation is however not so dismal. By looking at the role played by the press especially the electronic media, in the recent years, in reporting extreme situations like that of the Gujarat earthquake or other such situations, one notices the crucial role the press plays in bringing to the forefront the concerns of the affected populations. Despite the fact that press freedom in India is not totally without hindrances in some form or the other, an active judiciary works consistently to safeguard the provisions of the Constitution and this was seen during the Emergency of 1975-77. The judiciary is independent of the government in ordinary cases, although the system suffers from overload and is often inaccessible to the poor. India has a large and conscious private press and although it has not always been successful in providing â€Å"early warnings† to the authorities, it has definitely succeeded in extracting political accountability from the government, an achievement that rightly needs to be acknowledged.

Analysis of The Telegram a short story by writer Iain Crichton Smith Essay

‘The Telegram’ is a short story by writer Iain Crichton Smith. The story follows two women’s experiences as the fate of their sons. The writer uses character and setting to increase the reader’s enjoyment of the story. Through the use of setting in terms of time and place the writer increases the reader’s enjoyment of the story. The story is set in a Scottish costal island during the Second World War. The two women live in a one road village and war is alien to them. Not just the women but the whole village does not understand the purpose of the war: â€Å"It came as a strange plague.† The village of the women was a very close knit community and this meant that everybody knew everybody else. To the village people the war was an attack on them rather than the country because the war was killing their young men and they felt that it was not their war to be part of. The Telegram itself had an impact on the village as it felt like ‘a strange missile’ because it would only cause havoc and destruction amongst the village people and most importantly ruin their lives. The setting of the story is effectively used by the writer to influence or have an impact on the characters, this use of setting increases the reader’s enjoyment of the story. Crichton Smith description is mainly focused on the thin women, the writer uses the imagery of a bird: â€Å" The other more aquiline, more gaunt, or to be more precise, more like a buzzard.† The thin women is perceived to be a person who is not very pleasant. The thin women has had a very hard life to cope with and because of this she is very independent. Through the imagery of a buzzard, a bird of prey, the thin women gives the impression that she is better than everybody else and like a buzzard she is stronger too. The use of the buzzard is also significant because the story is set in Scotland and the buzzard is Scotland’s most common bird of prey. However, even though the thin women is portrayed in a bad way, the thin women has been forced to make a lot of sacrifices. The thin women only received ten shillings in pension was forced into not buying new clothes. The realisation of the harsh circumstances that the thin women has faced make the reader enjoy the story more because the reader has sympathy for the thin women and knowing that her son is not dead gives the thin women hope. Despite all the sacrifices , the thin women saved and saved until she could send her son to university. This is a reason why the thin women thought she was better than everybody because others could afford to send their children to university but chose not because they thought of it as snobbish . The fact that the villagers thought education is snobby gives the reader insight into society the women lived in, the society that would not send their children to university in case that someone spoke ill of them. To deal with the hardships, the thin women has had to develop a lot of discipline and self-control to survive. The hardships the women has faced have left her to show no emotions and sympathy towards anybody but herself. However, for a moment the thin women tries to comfort the fat women in her time of need, this change in character is unusual because the thin women does not expect sympathy from others but now she is sympathetic towards someone else. Iain Crichton Smith uses the setting to show how it influences or has an impact on the characters, this use of setting increases the reader’s enjoyment of the story. Like the thin women, the author uses the imagery of a bird to describe the women: â€Å"†¦a fat domestic bird†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The fat women is described like ‘a fat domestic’ this suggests that the fat women is very dependant on others unlike the thin women. The word fat’ gives the reader the idea that the fat women has had it all in her life. Through the writers use of domestic bird’ it is suggested that the fat women. Due to the different lives both women lived they have differing views on things, this causes arguments between them: â€Å" Well, I just thought they’re better off.’ said the fat women in a confused tone, ‘ they get better food and they get better conditions.’ â€Å" The fat women is jealous how the thin women’s son is better off than her son even though the thin women is poorer e.g. the thin women’s son is of higher rank and gets better pay than the fat women’s son. The writer gives insight into the fat women when she explains why she did not risk sending her son to university in case others thought she was snobbish. Despite not sending her son to university it is evident that the fat women loves her son unconditionally, unlike the thin women, the fat women does not expect compensation from her son for bringing him up, this make the fat women a likeable character thus increasing the reader’s enjoyment of the story. When the fat women knows that the elder is not coming to her house she is all excited but then she realizes that it could be the thin women’s son who has died and only then does the fat women realise what the thin has gone through and tries to sympathy but she cannot. The reasons for the fat women showing no sympathy are that firstly, she does not like the thin women and because the thought of losing her own son has emotionally drained the thin women. The setting adds to suspense and tension throughout the story and especially the climax. From the thin women’s window they can see the entire village: â€Å" As the watched they could see at the far end of the street the tall man in black clothes carrying in his hand a piece of yellow paper. This was a bare village with little colour therefore the yellow was both strange and unnatural.† The fact that the women could see the man at the end of the village from the thin women’s window emphasise to the reader how small the village is, the village being small suggests that it is a very close knit community. The village consists of one road and as the elder walks along the road the suspense and tension builds and the reader expects the elder to visit the homes of the women however this does not happen. In the end the reader is shocked how it is actually the elder’s son who has died and the suspense and tension that leads to this increases the impact. In conclusion, Iain Crichton Smith successfully uses setting, character, imagery as well suspense and tension to increase the readers enjoyment of the story.

Sash Sliding windows Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sash Sliding windows - Essay Example The complete unit is housed in a jamb groove (Jackson & Day 2009, p.183). The spiral balances can be used to replace window weights in old sash windows. First, the sashes are removed and weighed on the bathroom scale. Secondly, determine the weight of each sash, height, width and overall inside height of the window frame to ensure that the right sashes are ordered for and delivered. The sashes are then reinstalled until the balances are delivered. The sashes are then removed as well as the pulleys. Wood filler is used to plug the holes, as grooves are cut according to the specifications of the manufacturer to fit the stales of each sash to accommodate the balances. A mortise is cut at each end of the bottom edges to receive the spiral rod mounting plates. The plates are then installed with screws. The top sash is pushed in place as the top pair of balances that are shorter than the bottom sash then each is installed in its groove (Chudley & Greeno 2013, p.24). The top ends of the balance are attached to the top ends of the balance tubes to the frame jambs pushing the ends tight to the top jambs. The sash is lifted and propped with a scrap of wood. The key is hooked with balances into the end of each spiral rod and the tension adjusted according to manufacturer’s instructions. The end of each rod is attached to be mounting plate and the test balance of the sash. If it drops, ensure that another turn is added until it is held in the right position. Care should be taken so that the balances are not overwound. The bottom sash and balances are installed in the same way. Stops that limit full crewel of the sashes in respective tracks are placed. Sash windows are recognised for their aesthetic and conservative value to the homes and commercial buildings. The windows are simple to scrub and keep, are sustainable to the environment since they have excess energy ratings, are air

Locating Mobiles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Locating Mobiles - Essay Example If accurate movement prediction per mobile was possible, the task of locating mobiles given their last location would become substantially efficient in terms of both speed and system resources used. Being able to determine the mobile's future locations and access points as it moves inside the network while being connected can result in significant improvement in system efficiency and connection quality. The wireless terminal (laptop or PDA) is equipped with an IEEE 802.11b -compatible network card and a web browser. The web server handles the presentation logic. The application and location servers' constitute the application logic. One possible solution for improving the quality of the service is to use a vector image format. The use of vector data is essential, in order to improve the response time and the power of the client application. Using a vector format, there is no need to request a new image file every time the user zooms or pans the image or something changes in that particular image. At present, the most promising vector format for Internet-use is SVG, which is a W3C recommendation for describing dynamic and interactive two-dimensional graphics in XML. These graphics can contain vector graphic shapes, raster images and text. SVG is ideal for visualising geographical information on the Web, since it has many features that are used in traditional cartography such as polygons, lines, points and text. More sophisticated features suitable for mapping in SVG include layering, opacity, gradient fills, stroke options, clipping, masking, scripting, animations and filter effects. SVG can also handle coordinate transformations and enables high quality paper prints. In addition, SVG maps are freely pannable and zoomable. Cellular Location Methods Cellular location methods use the signals of the cellular system to find the location of a mobile station. Since cellular systems were not originally designed for positioning, the implementation of different location methods may require new equipment to make the necessary measurements for location determination and new signalling to transfer the measurement results to the location determination unit. Before presenting the cellular location methods and their implementation aspects, some concepts that will be used to classify different methods based on the role of the mobile station (MS) and the network or on the location measurement principle are defined. Based on the functions of the MS and the network, implementation of a location method belongs to one of the following categories: Network-based Mobile-based Mobile-assisted In network-based implementation one or several base stations (BSs) make the necessary measurements and send the measurement results to a location center where the position is calculated. Network-based implementation does not require any changes to existing handsets, which is a significant advantage compared to mobile-based or most mobile-assisted solutions. However, the MS must be in active mode to enable location measurements and thus positioning in idle mode is impossible. In mobile-based implementation the MS makes measurements and position determination. This allows positioning in idle mode by measuring control channels, which are continuously transmitted. Some assisting information, e.g. BS

Environmental Impact Assessment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Environmental Impact Assessment - Coursework Example This shows the fast growing trend of establishing wind energy infrastructure and it is evident that we are going to see many similar projects been commissioned. On one hand it is a very healthy step to shift from non-renewable fuels to green technologies such as wind energy but these technologies also have some issues regarding their impacts on environment and need to be scoped and studied. Another reason for this selection is that this project is an extension, so its impact on the environment will not just be doubled but increased many folds. As you can see in the figure that the extension project is adjacent to high density wind farming area shown in RED. 1.2 Location and Description of the Project Whitelee Wind Farm, is the biggest onshore wind farm in Europe Union, which started in May 2009. ... The Whitelee project will use 69 Alstom ECO 100 wind turbines with a 3MW capacity and six ECO 74 turbines with 1.6MW capacity each. This expansion will confirm Whitelee’s status as the largest wind farm in Europe. â€Å"Simon Christian, UK director of ScottishPower Renewables, said â€Å"Whitelee windfarm is already the largest onshore windfarm in Europe and this extension pushing the overall capacity to 539MW will make it one of the largest in the world.† (Simon Christian) ? Site : Whitelee Wind Farm EXT ? Part : Eaglesham Moor ? Latitude : 55 ° 41' 13.1" ? Longitude : -4 ° 13' 44.4" ? Geodetic system : WGS84 In the above figure the green area mainly comprises of the wind farm and we can see that there are urban areas nearby which include Kilmamock and Hamilton. The next figure will give us the deeper picture of the extension and the turbine density in the gird. Where the blue circles show the planned extension turbine location and the grey show the existing turbi nes. As from the figure we can see that the extension will make create proximity of turbines to the urban areas(white parts of the figure) and therefore the turbines will have more adverse affects on the environment of the area and possibility of accidents will rise in these locations. At present this land is mainly used for grazing for livestock, agriculture activities and forestry. There has been an effective conservation of these activities before the extension but there is potential risk to them now as more turbines will occupy more spaces and construction of these facilities will require more restricted areas and spots. Same is the case with the visual amenity, where now the excessive number of wind turbines

The Argument of Plato's Republic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Argument of Plato's Republic - Essay Example Would he still choose to tell only the truth to a person in such a state? According to Socrates, therefore, saying the truth and retuning what one has received do not qualify to be justice. In that case, truth telling and giving back is not justice. Polemarchus, inheriting the argument from Cephalous went ahead to give his understanding of justice. According to Polemarchus, justice means giving favor to friends and mistreating enemies. That is, it is what renders good to friends when he is good and harms to enemies when he is bad. Socrates contradicts his description on the basis of what circumstances should the just man can benefit from friends and receive evil from enemies. According to him, Polemarchus refers to justice as a kind of stealing to benefit friends and harm enemies. It is just to wrong the unjust. Differentiating between friends and enemies becomes difficult, therefore. Many people who seem good in many cases are not. Socrates gives an example of one who is skilled to give a blow as the one most cautious to secure a guard from a blow. Polemarchus admits the argument saying he did not know what he meant. He still believes, though, that justice benefits friends and harm enemies. Thrasymachus then came into the conversation. According to him, the just is the advantage of the stronger. He points out various regimes of rule such as tyrants, democracy rules, and aristocracy. According to him, the ruling party sets the goals and laws. Justice, therefore, is the advantage obtained by the ruling party.

Ben and jerry study case Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ben and jerry - Case Study Example Also, it failed in increasing average return on shareholders’ equity. From 5% in 1997, it had reached till the case writing to 9%, which was not a big leap forward on the shareholders’ money. 2. Do you think that, in general, it is possible for a for-profit company to be committed to â€Å"improve the quality of life of a broad community† and still maximize shareholder value? Why or why not? It is possible for a for-profit company to remain dedicated to the community cause and at the same time record high earnings for the shareholders. Off late social issues of the communities where corporations have their offices have become relevant enough to provide a brand name and image to a company that promises to offer intangible value to the surrounding communities. This intangible value appreciates in time and changes into tangible results later when public at large prefers investing in its shares because of the earned reputation from the social work done to improve the standard of life of the surrounding communities. If I were Henry Morgan, I would recommend the Board to accept the offer made by Unilever. Unilever is the only company that is offering shareholders’ $36 in cash for each share. Offering shareholders the cash return for their investments in Ben $ Jerry’s provides them freedom of investing in any other company. Another company, Meadowbrook Lane is offering $32, which is less in value to the offer made by Unilever. Other than that the proposal made by Unilever offers to include some select members of B&J management in the integrated division of Unilever’s frozen desserts. A conflict of interests arises over Unilever’s proposal to limit social commitments and interests, but this is the same in the proposals of Meadowbrook Lane and Dreyer’s Grand. 4. If you are thinking about starting a new business, would social consciousness be a consideration for you? Was there anything you learned in

Legal and Ethical Implications Essay Example for Free

Legal and Ethical Implications Essay In the classroom there is responsibility and duties for the teachers, students, as well as the parents. These responsibilities help the classroom to run smoothly and they help to build a well-managed classroom. Of those responsibilities teachers, students and parents need to understand legal and ethical issues in classroom management. This paper will discuss two articles and address the legal and ethical issues for classroom management. It will address how the articles relate to the rights and responsibilities of students, teachers, as well as the parents. Lastly, I will discuss how each article will make a difference in the way I will manage my classroom in the future. Article One: Untangling Legal Issues that Affect Teachers and Student Teachers This article discussed legal issues and focused on child abuse, safety in the art room, freedom of expression and religion, and special education and how these topics affects art teachers as well as student teachers. From the article I learned that the Tenth, First, and Fourteenth Amendments hold significance for educational law in the Unite d States. Next, from the article I read that it is required by law that a teacher reports child abuse. The article defined child abuse as a non-accidental, patterns of injuries, sexual abuse, neglecting treatment, physical or mental injuries, or mistreatment of a child under the age of eighteen (Untangling Legal Issues that Affect Teachers and Student Teachers, 2009, page 48). Child abuse is a federal crime and teachers could be held responsible if they don’t report it. If it is not reported a teacher can receive a misdemeanor and the penalty could range from spending time in jail to being fined. Safety in the art room is another topic discussed in this article. From the article I learned that a teacher could be held liable for injuries if the injuries are found to be negligent. An example of a negligent injury is teacher not demonstrating to students the proper care and handling of materials and tools. Art teachers should not assume that materials are safe and they should send out permission forms that let parents know what material students will be working with, have parents lists their contact information, and any know allergies the child may have. The article states that the art room should be set up properly, hazardous materials should be labeled, and teachers should lock up hazardous materials. This article discusses how children with exceptional needs cannot be excluded public education. Also, I read in the article about freedom of religion and how teachers cannot preach their beliefs in school nor have religious conversations with student and I read how students have freedom of expression but it is the art teacher responsibility to make sure the students art work is displayed in a way that is appropriate. Then the article goes into detail to discuss the liability of student teachers. From the article I read that student teachers are responsible for the same duties as full time teachers and the liability is the same as also. After reading this article it has impacted how I will manage my class. It made me realize how important it is to get to know all of my student and their parents, how to pay careful attention to my students, how to set my classroom up appropriately, and make sure I demonstrate how to use materials appropriately. It definitely made me realize the importance of freedom of expression and religion. I will respect all my students and never try to force my religion on them. Also, I will report child abuse if I see it. I didn’t realize how important all these things were but this article made me aware and my outlook on classroom management is differently. When managing my classroom I will make sure it incorporates all these things like freedom of expression, religion, and I will make sure the classroom is set up in a way that I am able to monitor my students for things like child abuse and to make sure they use certain materials appropriately. Article Two: Using Time-Out Effectively in the Classroom In this article it discusses how to use time out effectively and how it could lead to legal problems if used ineffectively. From the article, time out is defined as a procedure or form of punishment where students are denied access to all opportunities for reinforcement and it is used when inappropriate behavior is displayed (Using Time Out Effectively in the Classroom, 2007, page 60). Time-out has been used by many teachers to address inappropriate behaviors in the classroom. There are four different types of time-out and they are: inclusion time-out, exclusion time-out, seclusion time-out, and restrained time-out (Using Time-Out Effectively in the Classroom, 2007). Inclusion time-out involves removing the reinforcement from the student. Some variations that involved in this type of time-out are ignoring and removal of materials. Exclusion time-out is when the student is removed from the enhancing setting that caused the behavior. Exclusion time- out requires a student to be removed from instructional activities. Restrained time-out which is the most preventive form of time-out requires both a restraint and restriction. Restrained time-out is when the teacher places the student into a time-out position and maintains the student and position using physical restraint (Using Time Out Effectively in the Classroom, 2007, page 62). Isolation time- out better known as Seclusion time-out involves the teacher removing the student from the classroom and places them in a room or assigned area where he or she is restricted from leaving until they serve their time in this area. From the article I read that time-out becomes ineffective when typical pitfalls include classroom environments that are insufficiently reinforcing to the students or when time-out procedures lose their punishing qualities and take on reinforcing qualities (Using Time-Out Effectively in the Classroom, 2007, page 62). Also, I read over some recommendations on how to make the classroom reinforcing, use effective teaching strategies, how to come up with a time-out plan, and how to develop a hierarchical behavior management plan. I learned that we as teachers should be trained in methods of controlling behaviors. I learned some ways time-out is used inappropriately. For example, a teacher used it for a mild behavior. By doing this it could result to legal problems. After reading this article it has definitely changed my view on how I will manage my class in the future. When I manage my class, I plan to apply time-out effectively and use it in a way that is appropriate and will reduce the misbehavior within the student. Next, I will make sure I develop a hierarchical behavior management plan as well as a time-out plan so that the behavior and time-out is managed properly. Next, I will document when I use time- out which includes important information like the student name, date, behavior, duration, etc. By doing this, this can assist staff in determining if time-out was effective an d this could reduce chances of legal problems. I will make sure I establish a time out policy and I will go over this policy with my students on the first day of school and send a copy home to the parents to make sure they understand the time-out policy. Conclusion There are many responsibilities for parents, teachers, and students when it comes to managing a classroom. Teachers need to make sure they take the proper precautions and follow the state laws and schools policies when managing a classroom, and students need to make sure they understand the rules, policies, and procedures in the classroom. Also, parents need to be notified of these rules, policies, and procedures. Understanding and communication needs to co-exist between parents, students, and teachers so that legal and ethical issues don’t arise. References Bain, C. (2009). Untangling legal issues that affect teachers and student teachers. Art Education: TX. Katsiyannis, A., Ryan, J., Sanders, S., Yell, M. (2007). Using time-out effectively in the classroom. Teaching Exceptional Children 39(4), 60-67.